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UNFPA's support on maternal health in the Covid-19 context

19/03/2021

The COVID-19 crisis has taken a heavy toll on the people, communities, and economies around the world. Given its unequal impact, women and girls tend to be most severely affected. Natural disasters, another threat to mother and newborn health, also occurred in 2020 in the Central Region and Central Highlands of Viet Nam. Tens of thousands of women of reproductive age, pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and girls have faced difficulties in accessing medical, sexual and reproductive healthcare services as health establishments were flooded, their facilities and equipment were badly damaged while the rectification of the consequences was challenging.

UNPFA realized the alarming situation after conducting a modelling study in 2020 on the impact of COVID-19 on maternal mortality, which could reverse Viet Nam’s success in reducing maternal mortality that has been accomplished in the last few years, threatening the achievement of the targets under the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG 3).

One of the necessary solutions to this issue is ensuring the delivery of quality sexual and reproductive health services in a safe and uninterrupted manner so that expectant mothers could be at ease when going in for an antenatal visit. To achieve this, UNFPA has delivered a large number of personal protective equipment and 64 doppler fetal monitors worth USD 300,000 to district-level hospitals of 9 mountainous provinces in the North and Central Highlands, as well as some provinces severely affected by the recent floods.

The UNFPA’s support was delivered to hospitals and other health establishments and immediately put to use to protect women and girls as well as health workers in disadvantaged areas. UNFPA is working to ensure that the supply of modern contraceptives and reproductive health commodities is maintained and that midwives and other health personnel have the personal protective equipment they need to stay safe. Sexual and reproductive health is a human right. UNFPA calls upon its partners to support our COVID-19 response to procure and deliver essential supplies for people who are most at risk such as pregnant women and women at risk of gender-based violence.

UNFPA is the UN’s sexual and reproductive health agency, working towards a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person’s potential is fulfilled.

Sex Ratio at Birth Imbalance in Viet Nam: In-depth analysis from the 2019 Census

03/03/2021

The sex ratio at birth (SRB) in 2019 is 111.5 boys per 100 girls, which is significantly skewed. The SRB in Viet Nam began to increase around 2004, reaching 112 boys per 100 girls after 2010 and has levelled off ever since.

The SRB in Viet Nam is higher than the biological level (104-106 boys per 100 girls), suggesting that in 2019 the number of missing girls is about 45,900. This shortage is equivalent to 6.2% of all female births. The highest SRB is recorded in the Red River Delta, where the SRB is higher in rural areas than in urban areas, at 115.2 and 112.8 boys per 100 girls, respectively. Sex imbalances at birth occur in all wealth quintiles. Over the last 10 years, the SRB of the poorest quintile has increased from 105.2 to 108.2 boys per 100 girls, while the figure for the richest quintile has remained high (112.9 boys per 100 girls in 2019).

Son preference and the need for a son affect the couples’ desire to have additional children. Couples with two children but no son are twice as likely to have an additional child than couples with at least one son. Having an additional child due to son preference is particularly evident in the population group with higher education and better living standards.

Son preference is reflected largely in prenatal sex selection as early as the first parity, with the SRB for the first parity being 109.5 boys per 100 girls and rising for the third and higher parities (119.8 boys per 100 girls). For couples who have already had two daughters, the SRB for the third parity is 143.8 boys per 100 girls. The current sex imbalance at birth will affect the future population structure, causing an excess of young men. Forecasts suggest that, if the SRB remains unchanged, there will be a surplus of 1.5 million men aged 15-49 in 2034, and this figure will increase to 2.5 million in 2059. If the SRB declines rapidly and reaches the normal level by 2039, the male excess for the 15-49 group will still be 1.5 million men in 2034 and 1.8 million in 2059.

Migration and Urbanization in Vietnam: In-depth Analysis from the 2019 Census

20/12/2020

Viet Nam has 6.4 million migrants aged 5 and above, accounting for 7.3% of the total population. This is lower than the number of migrants in 2009 (6.7 million people, constituting 8.5% of the population). Females still make up a higher proportion than men in the migrant population, but this pattern is gradually changing towards equilibrium. The majority of migrants are young people aged 20-39 years old (accounting for 61.8% of the total migrant population).

The Central Highlands has changed from in-migration to outmigration (with a net migration rate of -12‰). The Red River Delta and the Southeast are the two largest in-migration regions of Viet Nam. In particular, the Southeast, a developed economic region with large industrial zones, continues to be the most attractive destination for migrants, attracting 1.3 million migrants. Among 12 provinces and centrally-affiliated cities with a positive net migration rate, the highest is Binh Duong (200.4‰). Soc Trang province experience the highest negative rate (-75.0 ‰).

Migrant children are more disadvantaged than non-migrant c in accessing lower and upper secondary education. In particular, children in the interprovincial migrant group (moving from province to province) face more challenges than those in other migrant groups in terms of accessing education at all levels. In 2019, 83.9% of non-migrant children aged 11-18 attend school, compared with only 55.7% of their interprovincial migration counterparts. The percentage of migrants having technical and professional qualification has improved over the last 10 years, from 22.9% in 2009 to 37.2% in 2019, which is higher than that of non-migrants. For 2019, the proportion of migrants having technical and professional qualification is 17.5 percentage points higher than that of non-migrants. Regarding the total migrant workers in the economy, 91.4% of them are working in the service, industrial and construction sectors. This proportion is higher than the figure for non-migrants. In particular, the proportion of migrants working in the industrial and construction sectors is almost twice as much as that of non-migrants (44.9% in contrast to 27.7%).

The unemployment rate of migrants is higher than that of non-migrants (2.53% compared with 2.01%). Female migrants experience a higher unemployment rate than their male counterparts, at 2.82% and 2.20%, respectively. More than two thirds of unemployed migrants (equivalent to 69.7%) are those migrating to urban areas, while the remaining one third are those migrating to rural areas. The housing conditions of migrants are better than that of non-migrants. The proportions of people living in temporary or simple houses of these two groups are 2.8% and 7.3%, respectively. However, the per capita living space of migrants is lower than that of non-migrants (21.9sqm/person and 25.4sqm/person, respectively). Nearly half of the migrant population rents or borrows houses or apartments.

Fertility in Viet Nam: In-depth analysis from the 2019 Census

03/03/2021

The fertility in Viet Nam has almost halved over the last 30 years. The total fertility rate (TFR) declined from 3.80 children per woman in 1989 to 2.09 children per woman in 2019. Viet Nam has maintained a stable replacement level fertility for more than a decade, and the practice of having two children remains a prevalent trend. These results once again affirmed that Viet Nam has successfully implemented the Population and Family Planning Program with the aim of reducing fertility.

Fertility in Viet Nam: In-depth analysis from the 2019 Census

20/12/2020

In 1989, the average number of children per woman of reproductive age was four children, reduced to two children per woman in 2009 and maintained until now. In 2019, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of Viet Nam was 2.09 children per woman, lower than the replacement level. This trend has been going on for over a decade. According to researchers, this fertility decline has been sustained in Viet Nam. This figure indicates that Viet Nam has effectively implemented its population and family planning policies and has been shifting to the integrated and comprehensive approach towards population and development.

Viet Nam population is in a phase of rapid changes. Now is the time for Viet Nam to come up with appropriate policies to respond to these demographic changes, as they intensively affect the family life and the national socio-economic development.

Migration and Urbanization in Vietnam: In-depth Analysis from the 2019 Census

20/12/2020

Viet Nam has has undergone a significant transition in migration and urbanization over the past three decades. In 2009, Viet Nam had 6.7 million migrants aged over 5 years old, accounting for 8.5% of the total population. In 2019, it increased to 6.4 million migrants, accounting for 7.3% of the total population. Migration trend gradually increased over the period of 1989-2009, but declined in both its absolute and relative figures over the last 5 years.

Migration not only contributes to the economic growth of destination areas but also poses challenges for development. It requires appropriate evidence-based policies to ensure that migration not only provides better life for migrants, but also allow them to make the greatest contribution to the development of the community and society as a whole, to ensure no one is left behind in the development process.

Kết quả điều tra quốc gia vê bạo lực đối với phụ nữ ở Việt Nam năm 2019

14/07/2020

Video dạn infographic về kết quả điều tra quốc gia vê bạo lực đối với phụ nữ ở Việt Nam năm 2019.

Results of the national study on violence against women in Viet Nam in 2019 17 views •Jul 14, 2020 1 0

14/07/2020

This is the animated info-graphic video about key results of the national study on violence against women in Viet Nam in 2019.

Phỏng vấn của VTC10 với Trưởng đại diện UNFPA về Bạo lực giới trong giai đoạn Covid19

02/05/2020

Mặc dù đã có nhiều nỗ lực, nhưng bạo lực trên cơ sở giới vẫn xảy ra hàng ngày ở khắp mọi nơi trên thế giới, bao gồm cả Việt Nam. Bạo lực trên cơ sở giới là một trong những vi phạm quyền con người phổ biến nhất trên thế giới hiện nay. Vấn đề này không có ranh giới xã hội, kinh tế hoặc quốc gia. Một phần ba phụ nữ trên toàn cầu đã trải qua một số hình thức bạo lực, lạm dụng thể chất hoặc tinh thần, tình dục hoặc kinh tế tại một số thời điểm trong cuộc đời của họ. Tại Việt Nam, Nghiên cứu Quốc gia về Bạo lực Gia đình đối với Phụ nữ, do Tổng cục Thống kê thực hiện, dưới sự điều phối của UNFPA tại Việt Nam năm 2010, cho thấy 58% phụ nữ đã từng kết hôn đã trải qua ít nhất một trong ba hình thức bạo lực (thể chất, tinh thần hoặc tình dục) tại một số thời điểm trong cuộc sống của họ. Khoảng 50% nạn nhân đã không nói cho ai biết về bạo lực mà họ phải chịu đựng và 87% không tìm kiếm sự giúp đỡ từ các dịch vụ công.

Trong những tuần qua khi áp lực kinh tế và xã hội và nỗi sợ hãi tăng lên liên quan đến dịch bệnh Covid-19, chúng ta đã chứng kiến sự gia tăng khủng khiếp của bạo lực gia đình trên toàn cầu. Bà Naomi Kitahara, Trưởng đại diện UNFPA tại Việt Nam đã chia sẻ phỏng viên VTC10 về vấn đề này vào ngày 2/5/2020.

UNFPA Representative's TALK on GBV during the Covid-19 outbreak

02/05/2020

Despite many efforts, gender-based violence is still a problem everywhere every day, including Viet Nam and remains one of the most pervasive human rights violations in the world today. It knows no social, economic or national boundaries. One in three women globally has experienced some form of violence, physical or mental, sexual or economic abuse at some points in their lives. Here in Viet Nam, the National Study on Domestic Violence against Women, released by the General Statistics Office, under the coordination of UNFPA in Viet Nam in 2010, showed that 58 per cent of ever-married women had experienced at least one of three forms of violence (physical, mental or sexual) at some point in their lives. Approximately 50% of victims did not tell anyone about the violence they endured, and 87% did not seek help from public services.

Over the past weeks as economic and social pressures and fear have grown in relation to #COVID19, we have seen a horrifying global surge in domestic violence. Ms. Naomi Kitahara, UNFPA Representative in Viet Nam explains how this can be done to address this issue in this in-depth interview with VTC10 reporter on 2 May 2020.

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